The Use Of Therapeutic Nanoparticles As Drug Delivery...

Nanotechnology is an expanding research field that involves the engineering of functional systems at the molecular level and is capable of transforming the view of some pharmaceutical companies in the foreseeable future. This review article discusses the current treatment techniques on nanoparticles as carrier systems for the delivery of anticancer drug molecules. A plethora of nanoparticle drug delivery formulations have been tested for their target specificity. The drug delivery system of nanoparticles is designed in such a way that they are independent of their environments and selective at a biological site. Some key features of drug delivery systems include parameters such as molecular weight, pH, particulate size, ionic strength and†¦show more content†¦Advantages in nanoparticle drug delivery include improved pharmacokinetics, reduced side effects and longer circulation half-lives.1 In addition, nanoparticles may be able to achieve improved delivery of sparingly water soluble compounds by delivering a small particle size to increase the total surface area of the drugs allowing faster dissolution in the blood stream. These benefits have made therapeutic nanoparticles a promising candidate to replace conventional chemotherapeutic protocol, eliminating toxic agents and dose-limiting side effects which pose a threat to healthy tissues. The purpose of this review article on nanoparticles is to show the promise of delivering a range of molecules to desired sites in the body to treat cancer. In addition, it highlights numerous areas of opportunity where nanotechnology could enable innovative classes of therapeutics. Multifunctional HER2-Antibody Polymeric Nanocarrier Drug Delivery Stem for Breast Cancer. Nanotechnology based therapeutic approaches are promising for multifunctional treatment of cancer and it has potential in enhancing the drug delivery system of anticancer drug to tumor tissue by minimizing the toxicology in healthy tissue. Breast cancer is the leading type of cancer in women. Tamoxifen is an antagonist of the estrogen receptor in breast tissue and is the anti-estrogen therapy for hormone receptor positive

Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury - 1658 Words

Fahrenheit 451 In the novel Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury talks about the negative effects of technology. Bradbury illustrates a society where books are banned and people entertain themselves with parlour walls, which is a TV. One of the characters is Mildred, who is the wife of Montag, a fireman who is paid to burn books. Mildred is always attached to technology and can’t get away from it. She is usually watching the parlour or listening to her seashell earbuds. Through the characterization of Mildred as selfish and thoughtless, Bradbury examines the negative effects of technology, when one constantly uses it and rely on it, it is suggested that obsession and over-reliance toward technology causes one to not think critically, by†¦show more content†¦In addition, it represents Mildred’s obsession towards the parlour. By not even decreasing the volume for a sick husband who is continuously asking her to turn it off, indicates that Mildred has no care for her husband. Mildredâ⠂¬â„¢s subsequent reliance on technology made her inseparable from it, trying to stay with the parlours all time and not caring what happens to others, which made her selfish. Mildred’s self-centeredness is also shown when she puts the alarm in when Montag brought books to home and read them, where their society does not allow books. â€Å"She ran past with her body stiff, her face floured with powder, her mouth gone, without lipstick. ‘Mildred you didn’t put in the alarm!’ She shoved in the valise in the waiting beetle, climbed in and sat mumbling, ‘Poor family, poor family, oh everything gone, everything gone, everything gone now†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬ (114). Mildred turned in Montag to the firehouse for having books. Mildred knew the consequences of what will happen when she puts in the alarm. Everything in the house will be destroyed along with the parlours that she loves. Also Montag is going to be arrested for possessing books but still Mildred reported to have her normal life where she only watches parlours and listen to her seashells (earbuds). This again shows how Mildred is selfish because she reported Montag to the fire department just to have her normal life even though her husband is going to beShow MoreRelatedFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury719 Words   |  3 PagesThe flash point of paper, or the temperature at which paper will burst in flames, is 451 degrees Fahrenheit. In Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury, the main character, Guy Montag, is a â€Å"fireman† in a futuristic society where he and his coworkers start fires, rather than put them out. Books are banned and burned, along with the owner of the book’s house and sometimes even the owner of the book, upon discovery. Technology has taken over in a sense that social interaction between the average personRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1952 Words   |  8 Pagesis clearly displayed in the plight of Ray Bradbury’s novel about a dystopian American society, Fahrenheit 451, which contains many ideas and bits of content that some people believed should be censored. In fact, one of the reasons that this novel was censored for displaying the dangers of censorship, which is both extremely ironic, and telling as to where this society is going. Thanks to several distributors and oversensitive parents and teachers, Fahrenheit 451 has been banned in many schools overRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury954 Words   |  4 Pages In Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, the author uses allegory (often misinterpreted by readers) to show the dangers of mass media consumption and the decline of reading traditional media. Many readers draw incorrect conclusions (lessons learned) from the book due to how generally the book applies its theme. Government censorship, though an important topic, is not the intended focus of the novel Fahrenheit 451. Finally, Bradbury’s original message of the book shows the beauty of tradit ional media andRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1592 Words   |  7 PagesWhen writing the introduction to Fahrenheit 451, author Neil Gaiman stated that â€Å"ideas--written ideas--are special. They are the way we transmit our stories and our thoughts from one generation to the next. If we lose them, we lose our shared history†. Gaiman is absolutely correct; especially because what he is saying heavily applies to books. Books are a critical aspect in shaping humanity as a whole, they create and share a network of creative ideas, history, and overall entertainment; to loseRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury918 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Fahrenheit 451,† written by Ray Bradbury, is a futuristic, dystopian novel based upon a society secluded by technology and ignorance. In this future society, books are outlawed and firemen are presented with the task of burning books that are found in people’s homes. Montag, a fireman, finds himself intrigued with the books, and begins to take them home and read them. As the story progresses, Montag learns the truth behind why books are outlawed and flees his city to join the last remnants of age-oldRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury847 Words   |  4 PagesSet Knowledge On Fire The book Fahrenheit 451 is a postmodern work by Ray Bradbury first published in 1951. In Bradbury’s story, all books are illegal and are subject to be burned by firemen. Furthermore, the two predominant themes of Fahrenheit 451 are censorship and ignorance. The censorship implemented over the years removes all information from society that is necessary to learn, which accomplishes to prevent people from questioning anything. The ignorance of society has been fostered and theRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1661 Words   |  7 Pages1.) In the novel, Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, Montag’s view on life reverses. Two characters the influence the main character Guy Montag are the old lady whose house and books were burnt down and Mildred. The old lady was caught preserving books in her home. Firemen including Montag were ordered to burn the books. The old lady refused to leave her books, so she too was burned. She bravely gave an allusion as her last words, â€Å"Play the man,’ she said, ‘Master Ridley.’ Something, somethingRead MoreFahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury818 Words   |  4 PagesFAHRENHEIT 451 BY RAY BRADBURY Important People in Montag’s Life In Partical Fulfillment Of English 2 Ms Irina Abramov By Helen Hernandez November 9, 2012 â€Å"There are worse crimes than burning books. One of them is not reading them† -Ray Bradbury. In the past there were events that affected book writers. People will get together to burn books because they thought it was inappropriate or they were against their literature. Montag is a fireman in a futuristic society who would startRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury863 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel, Fahrenheit 451 was written by Ray Bradbury and it took place in the dystopian future. Throughout each novel, we are able to see a major theme, which is censorship. In this essay, I will explain how this theme are explored in the story by using the literary devices. To begin with, in this novel, censorship is not given a straight description, but we can see how the author shows it through many literary elements, such as using the setting, tone and symbolisms even foreshadowing. This novelRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1544 Words   |  7 PagesRay Bradbury, the author of Fahrenheit 451, expresses his perspective on life in an interview. His interview contains a common theme: Do what you love, and love what you do (Bradbury). Bradbury sends a message in his interview that people should love life, and live to the fullest because he believes life is a beautiful thing. Although Bradbury no longer can demonstrate his love for life his message still lives in the pages of Fahrenheit 451. The Government of the society in the novel has told their

Separate Peace Essay Example For Students

Separate Peace Essay Challenges of Civilization (An Analysis of Marxism in a Separate Peace)A Separate Peace is an impeccable paradigm of critical mythology interpreted by philosophers such as Marx, Engels and Hegel. The philosophy of Marxism serves as a basis for socialism and communism and is explicitly demonstrated by means of power, the understanding of human nature, and alienation. Finny demonstrates authority and control over a lonely, alienated friend Gene, however, unitedly they discover friendship through the individuality possessed by one another. Finny and Gene agonize with these eminent responsibilities and endeavor to uncover an inner peace within themselves as they evolve into young adults waking to the realities of life. Their entity follows the social formation of their lives, men enter into definite relations that are indispensable and dependant of their will, relations of production development of their material productive forces. (Tucker, 1978, pg.4)Therefore, by means of growth to mat urity the two young men exemplify the challenges of manhood. Power is an extremely dominant element that illustrates authority and control between the two young men Finny and Gene. Throughout society, the social power, i.e., the multiplied productive force, which arises through the co-operation of different individuals, since their co-operation is not voluntary but has come about naturally, not as their own united power.(Tucker, pg.161) Finny conducts himself as an authority figure, and an individualist with distinct and domineering characteristics. He emphasizes his power as a perfect individual that is not concerned what other people conceive of him. Finnys aggressiveness about jumping from the 2tree has Gene thinking What was I doing up here anyway? Why did I let Finny talk me into stupid things like this? Was he getting some kind of hold over me? During their game of Blitzball, Finny takes control of making the rules and shouts, Stop, Stop! in a referees tone. (Knowles, pg.35)Consequently, as power overwhelms Finny, he undertakes to experi ence the reality of life. Nature of man illustrates the societys connection between fellowship and ones own individual existence. The civilization that surrounds mankind exists only for social man; for only here does nature exist for him as a bond with manas the life element of the human world; only here does nature exist as the foundation of his own existence (Tucker, pg. 85) As the young boys interconnect throughout numerous activities the beach becomes very significant. The proximity of the boys becomes an emotional situation,I hope you are having a pretty good time here. I know I kind of dragged you away at the point ofa gun, but after all you cant come to the shore with just anybody and you cant come by yourself and atthis teen-age period in life the proper person is your best pal(Knowles, pg. 43). Thus, Finny and Gene encounter the adversities of life as they grow closer together until Gene envisions himself as part of Finny. The death of Finny signifies the dissolution of a part of Gene, I could not escape a feeling that this was my own funeral and you do not cry in this case. (Knowles, pg.167) Therefore, the youths begin to comprehend the certainty of their life after adolescence. 3Alienation proves that all friendships are not equal. As a result The less you are, the more you have; the less you express your own life, the greater is your alienated life the greater is the store of your entangled being (Tucker, pg.96) Throughout the boys maturity, Finny and Gene experience many complications from not being able to express their emotions. Gene withdraws from the thought of being the assassin What happened there at the tree? That goddamn tree, Im going to cut down that tree.Who cares who can jump out of it. What happened, what happened? How did you fall, how could you fall like that? (Knowles, pg.57) Gene senses the responsibility of his actions but he feels alienated and fears the loss of Finnys companionship. As adulthood sets upon the adolescents, they realize that friendship is a very meaningful concept and they appreciate what they have left together. .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 , .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 .postImageUrl , .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 , .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291:hover , .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291:visited , .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291:active { border:0!important; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291:active , .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291 .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4e8e816331c559877bf75722a45b2291:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dyslexia Essay WritingMarxism is clearly demonstrated by means of youth to manhood through experiences that are unearthed by Finny and Gene. Finny struggles with the power element, trying to be the authority figure and demonstrates his advantage to take control over every individual without any sincere emotions of any kind. However, the companionship developed through the nature of man, although agonizing, has formed a special bond between the two boys. Gene, nonetheless contends with feelings of alienation and self-estrangement indirectly generated by Finny.The two young men persevere these responsibilities to initiate a sense of inner peace that transpires from adolescen ce to adulthood. Their experiences prove to be a symmetric accomplishment of manhood. Works CitedKnowles, John. (1959) A Separate Peace London: Secker Warburg LimitedTucker, Robert. (1978) The Marx-Engles Reader (2nd ed.) New York: W.W. Norton CompanyMicrosoft Encarta Encyclopedia 99. 1998 Microsoft CorporationWords/ Pages : 938 / 24

Poverty and Pollution

Introduction Industrialization has emerged as the engine for economic growth and development in countries all over the world. Business people have established operations to benefit from economic progress and development.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Poverty and Pollution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Over the last few decades, multinational companies have emerged and they have taken advantage of the major global integration of economies. These companies have set up industries in third world countries in order to exploit the available resources and lower production costs. The interaction between these businesses and the third world society has led to rampant pollution, which presents some ethical issues that must be addressed. Ethical Implications Most poor countries are open to foreign businesses that promote economic growth and therefore provide a remedy for the poverty affecting these countries. The industries run by foreigners in the third world countries produce significant amounts of pollution. The environment is also severely degraded as toxic substances are released into the open as natural resources are exploited. This pollution raises major ethical issues since it has a negative effect on the livelihoods of the citizens in the country. The ethical nature of businesses polluting third world countries can be viewed in a number of ethical perspectives. The social contract theory can be used to analyze the case of polluting third world countries. This theory suggests that actions are ethically right if they increase the benefits for an individual or the society. Pollution in the third world countries leads to the degradation of the environment reducing the quality of life for the people.Advertising Looking for term paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Shaw (2010) observes that pollution also increases the risk of developing ailments such as respiratory diseases. Polluting in third world countries therefore leads to many losses for the society. Applying the consequentialism ethics also suggests that polluting the third world countries is wrong. According to this theory, an action’s merit is judged on the consequences it produces with little consideration of the intentions of the person engaging in the activity (Allhoff Vaidya, 2008). As such, while the businesses might have a good motive in opening industries in the poorer nations, the product is that the environment is polluted and people are exposed to toxins. Why Companies disregard Pollution Control Standards The manner in which businesses conduct their operations in developed and developing countries differs significantly. While businesses show a high regard for standards of pollution control in wealthy nations, they often disregard these standards in developing nations. There are several reasons for this be havior. Third world countries adopt policies that are friendly and inviting to foreign companies. Since foreign businesses seek locations where they can make the greatest amount of profit, third world countries try to reduce the costs that investors might incur when operating in their countries. Implementing pollution control is often a costly affair since it requires a lot of financial infrastructure.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Poverty and Pollution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Allhoff and Vaidya (2008) reveal that poorer nations are so desperate to attract investment that they impose weak pollution standards so that companies can reduce their costs by saving on expensive pollution controls. In such an environment, companies do not have to abide by the stringent pollution control standards expected by international environmental advocacy agencies. On the occasions where the third world countries h ave standards of pollution control, they are very reluctant to enforce the policies on foreign businesses. In some cases, third world countries have robust pollution control standards in place. These standards are meant to ensure that the businesses take measures to reduce their pollution levels (Yand Yuan, 2011). However, most developing nations lack the political will to enforce the pollution control standards in place. The companies are therefore able to violate policies without any repercussions. Connections between Economic Development and Pollution Some economists argue that pollution is the price of progress. This argument stems from the fact that pollution is caused by industrial growth, which promotes economic development in a country. Such an argument is supported by historical data that reveals that the industrial revolution in England was accompanied by significant amounts of pollution in the urban areas.Advertising Looking for term paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Yand and Yuan (2011) observe that economic growth and development inevitably increases the exploitations of natural resources. As the resources are utilized through industrialization, the level of pollutants emitted increases. Yand and Yuan (2011) support the claim that economic progress results in pollution increase. They argue that in the rural areas where the level of development is low, the pollution level is low and environmental degradation has not occurred (Yand Yuan, 2011). The majority of policy makers in developing nations are only concerned about the immediate progress that industrialization brings to their country. They fail to consider the adverse environmental effects that pollution will have. It is widely agreed that for development to occur in the poor nations, greater levels of industrialization will have to be engaged. This will result in higher pollution in countries that previously exhibited low levels of pollution due to a lack of industrial activity. While red ucing the scale of industrial activity would lead to lower pollution, such a solution is not desirable since the economic development that arises from industrial activity is the greater priority. For example, two of the world’s fastest growing economics, China and India, have engaged in intensive industrial activity in the last decades (Prater Swafford, 2009). These activities have led to the rapid economic growths in the two countries and a rise in the standards of living for citizens in these countries. However, the intensive industrial activities have made India and China some of the world’s greatest polluters. When asked to reduce their pollution levels, the developing nations have asserted that they have a right to fuel their economic growth through industrialization in the same way that developing nations have been doing since the industrial revolution. Moral Right to a Livable Environment Pollution ignores the fact that every person deserves a livable environme nt regardless of whether he or she lives in a developed or developing country. The global community stresses on the importance of equality (Neil, 2013). This concept underlines that each person should be treated in a fair and equitable manner in spite of his socio-economic background. Using this perspective, all members of the society should be afforded equal rights and opportunities. Polluting third world countries violates this principle since it suggests that some people can be treated as lesser human beings. Considering the emphasis placed on equality, every person has a right to exist in a livable environment. Implementing Greener Industries in Poorer Nations In an effort to reduce the level of pollution and environmental damage done by industries, scientists have developed greener industries and sources of energy. The green industries make use of technology that results in significant reduction in pollution levels in the industry. Such industries make use of energy sources tha t have low carbon emissions. Whenever possible, renewable sources of energy are preferred to the commonly used fossil fuels that have led to immense pollution all over the world. The environmental damage done by green industries is minimal making such industries desirable for sustainable development (Neil, 2013). However, implementing them is costly and poor nations are unwilling to incur the high cost of using these technologies. The poor nations therefore continue to operate industries that cause greater pollution. Wealthy nations have an obligation to assist poorer nations to reduce their pollution levels for a number of reasons. To begin with, wealthy nations do not have the moral right to demand that poorer nations make use of the expensive green industries since the developed nations have been using non-green industries to fuel their economic growth for decades. Research indicates that the high pollution and environmental degradation experienced today can be blamed on the indu strial activities of the developed nations (Neil, 2013). It is only in recent years that the wealthy nations have developed greener industries and started to use them. It is therefore unjustifiable for the wealthy nations to impose on poorer nations’ standards that they did not live up to. The only way that developed nations can encourage the use of greener industries is by offering poorer nations incentives to do so. Without the assistance of the wealthy nations, poor nations will incur significant expenses as they implement greener industries and this will be detrimental to their economic growth and development. The high cost of greener industries has been the greatest obstacle to their widespread implementation especially in developing nations. Poorer nations have often chosen to use the non-green technologies since it is cheaper and helps in the economic development even if at a steep environmental cost (Allhoff Vaidya, 2008). If the wealthy nations want to encourage the use of greener industries, they should reduce the cost associated with implementing these industries for the poorer nations. Proposals and Recommendations Currently, the pollution control standards are inconsistent and in some cases, countries leave it up to companies to impose standards on themselves. Self-regulation among industry players will not work for most companies are primarily concerned with increasing their profit margin and this often entails using cheap environmental unfriendly technologies and fuels (Yand Yuan, 2011). Binding uniform global pollution control standards would be the most desirable since all companies would be forced to implement pollution control measures. Government regulatory policies and guidelines have significant impacts on how businesses conduct themselves in the country. The problem with the current regulations is that they vary significantly from country to country. Companies are likely to exploit inadequate pollution controls and cause great d estruction to the environment. Multinational companies are also likely to move to countries that have less restrictive pollution control policies (Neil, 2013). If all nations adopted the same regulations, then companies will be forced to engage in environmentally conscious activities in all countries since they will not have any option of a country where they can engage in unregulated pollution. Businesses should engage in activities aimed at benefiting the society. Neil (2013) asserts that businesses cannot be judged solely on the contribution that they make to GDP; they must also be judged on the impact they have on the quality of life of the workforce as well as the local community and society. One concept that has gained significance in today’s business world is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), which involves companies acting in a way that is advantageous to the society (Neil, 2013). CSR requires organizations to act in an ethical and socially responsible manner and show great concern for the society in their actions. References Allhoff, F., Vaidya, A.J. (2008). Business in Ethical Focus: An Anthology. NY: Broadview Press. Neil, F. (2013). Ethical business is better business. African Business – Le Magazine des Dirigeants Africains, 394(1), 52-54. Prater, E., Swafford, P. (2009). Emerging Economies: Operational Issues in China and India. Journal of Marketing Channels, 16(3), 169–187. Shaw, W.H. (2010). Business Ethics: A Textbook with Cases. NY: Cengage Learning. Yand, L., Yuan, S. (2011). The Relationships between Economic Growth and Environmental Pollution Based on Time Series Data: An Empirical Study of Zhejiang Province. Journal of Cambridge Studies, 7(1), 33-42. This term paper on Poverty and Pollution was written and submitted by user Daisy Doyle to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.